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Short moral stories for kids | The thirsty crow

 

The Monkey and a Crocodile - Animated Stories - English

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English Grammar - Class 1 - Tense

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Basics Of English Grammar - Animated Movie For Kids [HD]

So - Neither - Either

SO

SO is used to show agreement with positive statements.
SO + Auxiliary + Subject (pronoun)
The Auxiliary needs to agree with the verb tense in the original statement.
It is similar to using TOO at the end of a sentence.

Person A	Person B
I am happy.	So am I.	= I am happy too.
I'm going to Brazil in the summer.	So am I.	= I am going to Brazil too.
You look nice today.	So do you.	= you look nice too.
Stephanie has a new boyfriend.	So does Mary.	= Mary has a new one too.
We went to the concert last night.	So did I.	= I went to the concert too.
I would love a coffee right now.	So would I.	= I would love a coffee too.
He will win a prize.	So will I.	= I will win one too.
They have finished their homework.	So have I.	= I have finished too.
I can speak two languages.	So can I.	= I can speak two too.
He should study more.	So should I.	= I should study more too.
We could see the mountains.	So could we.	= We could see them too.
My brother had eaten too much.	So had I.	= I had eaten too much too.

NEITHER

Neither is used to show agreement with negative statements.
Neither + Auxiliary + Subject (pronoun)
The Auxiliary needs to agree with the verb tense in the original statement.
It is similar to using either at the end of a sentence, although Neither is more commonly used, especially in spoken English.
A: I don't understand Spanish.
B: Neither do I. (= I don't understand Spanish either.)
A: I cannot swim.
B: Neither can I. (= I can't swim either.)
Sometimes people respond Me Neither instead of Neither + Auxiliary + Subject though this is very informal spoken English.

Person A	Person B
I am not hungry.	Neither am I.	= I'm not hungry either
I'm not going to quit.	Neither am I.	= I'm not going to quit either
They don't speak French.	Neither do I.	= I don't speak French either.
Stephanie doesn't eat meat.	Neither does Mary.	= Mary doesn't eat meat either.
Mary didn't go to the party.	Neither did I.	= I didn't go either.
I wouldn't like to do his job.	Neither would I.	= I wouldn't like to do it either.
He won't stop talking.	Neither will you.	= You won't stop either.
You haven't finished your meal.	Neither have you.	= You haven't finished either.
Mike can't reach the top shelf.	Neither can I.	= I can't reach it either.
You shouldn't talk in the movie.	Neither should you.	= You shouldn't talk either.
We couldn't hear him.	Neither could we.	= We couldn't hear him either.
I hadn't seen her before.	Neither had I.	= I hadn't seen her before either.

So vs Such

The following rules explain the difference between So and Such in English.

So … that, Such … that

We use so ... that, such ... that:
a) to show a fact (usually with a result or consequence)

• Pamela Ander's feet are big.
  (Expresses a fact).
• Pamela Ander's feet are so big that she can't find shoes her size.
  (Emphasizes that you feel strongly about the size of her feet).

b) to show extreme feelings or an opinion about something

• George Bushoff is an idiot.
  (Merely a statement of fact/opinion).
• George Bushoff is such an idiot that he doesn't even know the capital of his own country.
  (Emphasizes the speaker's opinion of the intensity of George Bushoff's idiocy).

SO with adjectives and adverbs

so + adjective/adverb + that + result

• The teacher speaks so clearly that everyone can understand her.
• The sun was so strong that they got burned within 15 minutes.

SUCH + Nouns

such + a + (adjective) + singular noun + that + result
(It is common to put an adjective before the noun)

• He is such a tight person that he even reuses his servillettes.
• Christopher is such a handsome man that all the ladies want him.
• She had such a long speech that everyone stopped paying attention to her.

such + plural/uncountable noun + that + result

• She has such big feet that she has to buy special shoes.
• Woodward Restaurant has such good food that it's always full of people.

SO / SUCH in exclamations

In exclamations we drop the word 'that' and use:
i) such + noun (singular/plural)
ii) so + adjective

• You are such an idiot! (noun)
• Celebrities have such weird tastes! (noun)
• You are so stupid! (adjective)
• It's so sunny outside! (adjective)

Such-and-such

This is used to talk about a particular type of person or thing that doesn't need to be specified. It is an unstated generic placeholder.

• People from such-and-such areas tend to be wealthy.
• If you do such-and-such a job, you will become famous. 

Be going to

Positive & Negative Sentences

The positive and negative structures for Be Going To are as follows:

Positive	Negative
I am going to	I am not going to
You are going to	You are not going to
He is going to	He is not going to
She is going to	She is not going to
It is going to	It is not going to
We are going to	We are not going to
You are going to	You are not going to
They are going to	They are not going to

The structure BE GOING TO is normally used to indicate the future in English. We use this structure:
1. When we have already decided or we intend to do something in the future:

• I'm going to India next year.

2. When there are definite signs that something is going to happen:

• It's so cold! I think it is going to snow.

3. When something is about to happen:

• Get back! The bomb is going to explode.

Questions with BE GOING TO

Questions are formed by changing the order of the subject and the verb BE:

Affirmative	You	are	going to	win the race.
	Subject	BE	GOING TO
Question	Are	you	going to	win the race?
	BE	Subject	GOING TO

You are going to be sick if you eat that. (Positive sentence)
Are you going to be sick if you eat that? (Question)
We are going to take orange juice to the party. (Positive sentence)
Are we going to take orange juice to the party? (Question)

BE GOING TO in the Past Tense

When BE GOING TO is used in the past tense, it refers to something that was going to happen but in the end it did not happen.
Examples:

• I was going to call you but I lost your phone number.
• It was going to rain but suddenly the sun appeared.
• We were going to buy a new TV but then we changed our minds.
• You were going to be my bridesmaid but then you slept with my fiancée.

Gonna

Sometimes when we speak quickly, GOING TO sounds like GONNA. While it is grammatically incorrect, it is used a lot in very informal English. You will also occasionally see the word Gonna written in song titles or in song lyrics.
I'm gonna go to the beach tomorrow.
= I'm going to go to the beach tomorrow.
He's gonna bring his girlfriend to the party.
= He's going to bring his girlfriend to the party.

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Where + To Be

WHERE is a question word that is used to ask about a place or location.
(= I want to know the place, position or location)
The following table shows you the word order of questions with Where when it is used with To Be.

Where	To Be	Subject	Example Answers
Where	am	I ?	You're in the hospital.
Where	are	you ?	I'm at work.
Where	is	he ?	He's at home.
Where	is	she ?	She's in the store.
Where	is	it ?	It's on the table.
Where	are	we ?	You're at my new job
Where	are	you ?	We're at school.
Where	are	they ?	They're at university.

You can also ask where things or places are:

Where	To Be	Subject	Example Answers
Where	is	my book ?	It's on the table.
Where	are	my books ?	They're on the desk.

Remember: Is + singular word Are + plural word.

Other examples of Where + To Be

• Where is the Statue of Liberty? It's in New York.
• Where is the Eiffel Tower? It's in Paris.
• Where are your parents right now? They're on holiday.
• Where is your favorite restaurant? It's downtown. 

There is - There are

We use there is and there are to say that something exists.

Positive Sentences

We use there is for singular and there are for plural.

• There is one table in the classroom.
• There are three chairs in the classroom.
• There is a spider in the bath.
• There are many people at the bus stop.

Contractions

The contraction of there is is there's.

• There's a good song on the radio.
• There's only one chocolate left in the box.

You cannot contract there are.

• There are nine cats on the roof.
• There are only five weeks until Christmas.

Negative Form

The negative is formed by putting not after is or are:

• There is not a horse in the field.
• There are not eight children in the school.
• There is not a tree in the garden.
• There are not two elephants in the zoo.

The Negative contractions are:
There's not = There isn't
There are not = There aren't

There Are with ANY

When we want to indicate that a zero quantity of something exists we use there aren't any.

• There aren't any people at the party.
• There aren't any trees in my street.

We also use this structure with uncountable nouns:

• There isn't any water in the swimming pool.
• There isn't any sugar in my coffee.

Questions

To form a question we place is / are in front of there.
Again we use any with plural questions or those which use uncountable nouns.
We also use there is / are in short answers.

• Is there a dog in the supermarket? - No, there isn't.
• Are there any dogs in the park? - Yes, there are.
• Is there a security guard in the shop? - Yes, there is.
• Are there any polar bears in Antarctica? - No, there aren't.
• Is there any ice-cream in the freezer? - Yes, there is.

How Many with Are There

If we want to find out the number of objects that exist we use How many in the following form:
How many + plural noun + are there (+ complement).

• How many dogs are there in the park?
• How many students are there in your class?
• How many countries are there in South America?
• How many Star Wars films are there?